Main Characteristics Of Laser Cutting

Narrow cutting seam reduces workpiece deformation
The laser beam is focused into very small light points, achieving a high power density at the focal point. At this point, the heat input by the beam far exceeds the portion reflected, conducted, or diffused by the material, and the material quickly heats up to the point of vaporization, evaporating and forming pores. As the light beam moves linearly with the material, the holes continuously form narrow slits. The edge cutting is minimally affected by heat and there is basically no deformation of the workpiece.
During the cutting process, auxiliary vapors suitable for the material being cut are also added. During steel cutting, oxygen is used as an auxiliary vapor to generate exothermic chemical reactions with the molten metal, oxidizing the material and helping to blow away the slag inside the cutting seam. Cutting polypropylene and other plastics using compressed air, while cutting flammable materials such as cotton and paper using inert vapors. The auxiliary vapor entering the nozzle can also cool the focusing lens, preventing smoke and dust from entering the lens seat to contaminate the lens and cause it to overheat.
Most organic and inorganic materials can be cut by laser. In the metal processing industry, which plays a significant role in industrial manufacturing systems, many metal materials, regardless of their hardness, can be cut without deformation. Of course, for high reflectivity materials such as gold, silver, copper, and aluminum alloys, they are also good heat transfer conductors, so laser cutting is difficult or even impossible. Laser cutting has no burrs, wrinkles, high accuracy, and is superior to plasma cutting. For many electromechanical manufacturing industries, modern laser cutting systems controlled by microcomputer programs can easily cut workpieces of different shapes and sizes, and they are often preferred over punching and die pressing processes; Although its processing speed is still slower than die punching, it has no mold consumption, no need to repair the mold, and saves time on replacing the mold, thereby saving processing costs and reducing production costs. Therefore, overall, it is more cost-effective.
Non-contact machining
After focusing the laser beam, it forms a very small focal point with extremely strong energy, which has many characteristics when applied to cutting. Firstly, laser light energy is converted into amazing thermal energy and kept in a very small area, providing narrow straight edge slits The heat affected zone with the smallest adjacent tangent edge; ⑶ Minimal local deformation. Secondly, the laser beam does not apply any force to the workpiece, and it is a non-contact cutting tool, which means that ⑴ the workpiece has no mechanical deformation; ⑵ There is no tool wear, and there is no issue of tool conversion; ⑶ Cutting materials does not require consideration of their hardness, which means that laser cutting ability is not affected by the hardness of the material being cut, and any material with any hardness can be cut. Again, the laser beam has strong controllability, high adaptability, and flexibility, making it convenient to combine with automation equipment and easily achieve automation of the cutting process Due to the absence of restrictions on cutting workpieces, the laser beam has unlimited ability to cut profiles; ⑶ Combined with computers, it can layout the entire board and save materials.
Adaptability and flexibility
Compared with other conventional processing methods, laser cutting has greater adaptability. Firstly, compared to other thermal cutting methods, as a thermal cutting process, other methods cannot act on a very small area like a laser beam, resulting in a wide incision, a large heat affected zone, and significant workpiece deformation. Laser can cut non-metals, while other thermal cutting methods cannot.